Bears over bait (northern Alberta) are usually shot at around 50 yards, so no need for super long range, but a big hole is always good for tracking if needed. Bears dont bleed worth a damn due to the thick hair and underlying fat, so a large exit hole helps.
Two fun calibers and guns that I used for the last four bears taken:
-577/500 no.2. An old SXS hammergun using cast bullets and black powder. The first bear was taken at 60 yards while walking into a bait site. Good pass through of the bullet, and it went a meager 40 yards into the bush. The adrenaline is always hammering after the shot, but luckily no follow-up shot or tracking was needed as the death moan led me right to his position.
Bear no.2 with this old cannon was also taken while walking into the bait site. As I walked in to 30 yards of the site, I saw what I originally took as a small bear eating at the site. Turns out he was laying in a depression and he jumped up as he saw me. BIG bear! He wandered to the edge of the heavy willows on the off side of the bait and turned back to look at me over his shoulder. This was my one and only Texas heart shot I have ever taken, and consequently the only animal I have ever shot with this gun where the bullet did not make a pass through. Hind-site has me regretting not autopsying the bear to see where the bullet ended up.
- 450 3-1/4" I stumbled across this old SXS hammergun and had to have it. Having had so much fun and satisfaction in resurrecting the previous SXS, I knew this gun would be a great choice for bear. With this old sweetheart, I was able to make up a load with modern .458 jacketed bullets and a low pressure smokeless powder.
Bear no.1 with this beauty was from a ground blind, placed fifty yards from a bait site at the edge of a clearing. My focus was steady at that bait during an evening sit, and I was taken totally off guard when I saw this huge bear wandering through high grass, just five yards from my ground blind! The shot was placed into the white V of the chest, just below the chin, and the bear dropped in it's tracks.
Bear no.2 was taken the next day (we are allowed supplemental tags in many areas) from the same blind. I did a slow sneak into the stand and got comfortable in the blind. I spent a fair bit of time getting comfortable for a long sit and adjusted my tripod to be ready for anything coming into the bait. Somewhere between sipping at my coffee and adjusting the tripod, a large black boar magically appeared over the bait. I glanced up and there he was standing perfect broadside at fifty yards. A clean pass through with the 350 grain jacketed bullet and he ran off like a scalded cat! This time no death moans and little to no blood. I took my time tracking, not knowing if he was actually dead or laid up somewhere close. I almost stepped on him while crossing a dead fall, 70 yards into the bush.