As i afiled to comprehend!
Shotgun patterns are not unform and the hunter has little control over where the the pellets will hit???
When you pattern,can you control where every individual pellet strikes?No,you can only control where the pattern strikes.And the density of the pattern will not be perfectly uniform over the entire pattern.If you doubt this,divide the entire pattern into equal sized 6" squares,and count the number of hits in each square.Are there the same number of hits in every square?Now do this for a dozen patterns with that load and choke.Does every shot put the same number of pellets in each square?I doubt it.
How many patterns do you fire with every load/choke combination?Probably one or two shots at most.
If you pattern your shotgun, with proper shells and choking, I'd suspect that at a given range you should have pretty good precision and accuracy.
If I thought my patterns were not consistent, with a certain number of pellets hitting the target at a given range, then I'd give up.
When I pattern, I count for hits on the bird and hits on vital, and select shells based on that.
You pattern your gun to find the best pattern possible with the chokes and ammunition available.Unfortunately,as the shot get's larger in size,the patterns will have more holes in them regardless of the shells or the choke.With steel shot requiring even larger pellets,this becomes even more of an issue.
If you take a dozen patterns,it is quite likely that you will be able to manipulate a target the size and shape of a goose on one or two of those patterns,so very few if any pellets directly strike vitals in a way that will instantly drop the bird.
If a big game hunter shoots a deer through the lungs,it may run 50 to 100 yards before dropping,and the hunter often has no need or opportunity to fire a second shot.If a goose hunter sees that the bird does not drop at the shot,he usually shoots again.
Don't turkey hunters do the same?
Turkey hunters use very tight patterns,because they aren't shooting at flying birds.The extra tight patterns help prevent holes in those patterns.They also usually use lead,so they can use smaller shot for even denser patterns.