Here is my guess since i am only looking at pictures and diagrams. However, most rails in the receivers are not load bearing. They are there to guide the direction of the bolt.
The bolt is not forced to rotate when it travels down the rail, so any wear on the rail will be limited.
The rail got worn out a bit at near the steel extension probably due to the timing in matching up cam pin travel (bolt rotation) and linear movement of the bolt as it goes back and forth between the aluminum receiver and the steel extension. The area of the receiver, where it is close to the steel extension, is the transition zone where the bolt is forced to initiate its rotation, and hence the aluminum receiver is forced to conform to the path of the bolt nut driven d by the cam pin path. It is in a way similar in nature to the wear in the cam pin recess in the upper receiver of an AR15. Once the speed bump is removed, it won't go any deeper.