I was talking with a guy who was bow hunting black bear in northern Ontario. He put a broadhead straight through this bear's boilermaker. He knew it was a good hit, even though the bear took off on impact. He tells the story that the bear took off some 70 yards into thick bush from where he hit it. When field dressing it, he found the broadhead went through the upper aspect of its heart and both lungs, completely destroying not only the heart but major blood vessels...and it ran, 70 yards before it went down.
Handguns, even powerful magnums that act almost like rifles, really need not apply. Better than nothing, but not exactly efficient either. The older fella's would say the caliber better start with a 4 if it's a handgun you're relying on putting a bear down with. (.45 acp, .45 Colt, .45 Super, .44 Mag, 454 Casull...personally I'd take acp off that list but.)