Sandroad, you mentioned "plated" ammo... whats the difference between that and "jacketed" ammo... I know what "FMJ" is and I have always understood that plated and jacketed copper ammo was the same thing.
Thanks
FMJ is a 2 piece bullet that is made by swagging a slug of lead into a copper cup/jacket. A FMJ bullet will either have exposed lead where the jacket doesn't close completely the tip or at the base of the bullet.
A plated bullet is made by copper plating a cast or swagged lead bullet. The copper plating is much thinner than a jacketed bullet but because it is applied by electrochemical "plating" (think of chrome/nickel/silver/gold plating) it is much thinner. The plating is still a fairly substantial thickness and not just "colouring" but not as thick as a copper jacket.
The AIM projectiles are copper plated and of very good quality because they are "double struck". That means they are struck in a die AGAIN, AFTER they are plated to make sure they are uniform. Frontier bullets are also copper plated and of good quality.
Not all plated bullets are double struck and sometimes it is those bullets where the quality control can be poor. (an example of poor quality plated bullets was Excel Bullets, who are now out of business)
As for powders, generally a faster burning power for the type of load you want (bullet weight/velocity) will be cleaner than a slower burning powder. Powders need to get to a reasonably high working pressure to burn cleanly.
45ACP is a low pressure cartridge and will benefit from a fast burning powder especially when using light loads. This is where a slower burning powder like W231 can become dirtier. If you want a really clean powder for 45ACP, try Clays. Clays is not the same as Universal (clays). But Clays is not a good powder choice for 9mm as it is a bit on the fast side. 9mm has a much higher operating pressure and will burn a moderate load of W231 reasonably cleanly. Titegroup is slower than Clays but faster than W231, and is a good compromise to use in both cartridges.
700X and Bullseye were also mentioned, they are fast powders around the speed of Clays, and burn relatively cleanly.
One thing that may have not been mentioned is that cast bullets are always "smoky" because of the lube burning off them. Plated bullets give you the clean burning advantage of jacketed but at a price close to cast lead.