Big Game Calibers - Math vs Experiences?

In last 2 pages how much more subjective did we discuss and add? And how much of it off in the weeds? Almost 100%

The 'slow heavy preference' for less internal damage...slower dead formula. Unless high shoulder with the 405 cast from 45-70 at close range lol, hate to sound like a broken record but that same placement at the same animal at the same range will also bang flop with a 6.5 Grendel with 123's, a 6-Arc with 108's, a .223 with 77 gr tmk's and a ton of other cartridges but with the 45-70 option you're both sore after the shot. ;) The 6.5 Creedmoor will drop them like that at 400 easy.

It's all relative, slow and heavy for what game and bullet intended? Each mans definition of this will be different. Ie; I prefer heavy for caliber slowed down to moderate velocities with rapid expansion type bullets. The goal being how to get the most of each grain of powder you burned into the animal you're chasing. Subjectively we've got some great formulas out there that we've stumbled upon. The .204 ruger 35 gr Berger is one of them for coyotes, might not be a more perfect match to study for those looking for the fastest dead formula. The fast 7's with 160 AB's sounds like another deadly combo for much larger bracket of game. Most of us live somewhere in between. Then there's Africa.

As this thread shows though, it's all reduced to subjective hearsay, hardly any numbers or objective data thrown out there and the stuff that is often used (ft/lbs energy) is the wrong data to use as this thread was started with.

I've been trying to open thy eyes that while yes we know intimately what's happening with that bullet the minute it leaves the barrel to the minute it lands on the target, no work left to do to understand this further and there's nothing subjective left about it. HOWEVER, when the swimming starts, from the hide to hide, we just blabber on subjectively and it eats up gobs of cyberspace. We are a quarter century behind on the terminal ballistics side (for hunting), we need to catch up, this is where the focus needs to be now.

Run the formula for the top combos we've learned about to get our baselines. Then we can compare and develop new against it. Energy is useless figure as it has always been talked about. We aren't looking at finished bullets. We aren't looking at the change in SD. We aren't looking at energy dumped inside the animal. There is a way to measure the hide to hide better and we keep trying to do it with perm stretch, temp stretch cavity blah blah...measuring the internal damage of an animal somehow when the bullet is completely ignored. The bullet doesn't change in-flight ballistics so we don't look at that, we use bc and atmospherics, well the animal is the atmospherics and sd is the bc from the hide onward, and most of our bullets change from the hide onward. Takes a different mindset and measures to objectify this. We keep going on about head stamps, diameters, and it's a dead horse smashing thing. And none of that explains the 6.5 mannlicher vs 700 nitro, the 416 vs 270 goat, the .204 35gr berger coyote etc. etc. We can do better, we need to do better.

I am getting shorter overall recoveries with a 6.5 Grendel with 123 gr eld-m's than I was getting with .270's and .270 wsm's running 140 accubonds on the same game and ranges I've always hunted. I'm burning a fraction of the powder I used to. There's an explanation for it and it's not in ft/lbs and it's not in headstamps, or diameters. There's an explanation for when doing acreage control coyotes with a .17 hmr that the 17 gr v-max or tnt are great for killing them on the acreage and the 20 gr xtp bullet is perfect for having them die on the neighbours acreage (ask me how I know :) ). Dead is dead, but it's a dynamic range, from instant dead to bleed out until no more O2 to the brain dead (bigger animals more blood takes longer for that same effect). Same cartridge with different bullets will give a range often from instant to the bleed out for most games intended, we do our best to match up to that. Most guys shoot way more than needed because it's such a subjective topic still, insurance is good. We can do better than that though, we're almost a quarter way through the 21st century.
 
In last 2 pages how much more subjective did we discuss and add? And how much of it off in the weeds? Almost 100%

As this thread shows though, it's all reduced to subjective hearsay, hardly any numbers or objective data thrown out there and the stuff that is often used (ft/lbs energy) is the wrong data to use as this thread was started with.

When all is said and done, more is said than done :) It's been interesting to get various hunter's take on the age-old question. In the end, I feel that we need to know our game, our shot placement, and our bullet construction to feel comfortable with the shot. I'm hoping that this year will be my first moose hunt in Northern Ontario. I'm planning on taking my 7mm Weatherby Magnum with handloaded 175gr Hornady Spire Point bullets and IMR 7828. My back-up gun will be my sporterized P14 (in 303 British, obviously) with handloaded 150gr Hornady bullets and Varget. Talked to one guy who insists that 150gr 303 British is "no good" for moose, and I need 174gr or 180 gr projectiles. Then I read online about people in Alaska and in the NWT using a 243 Winchester with 100gr bullets.

Use what you are comfortable with - what makes sense and always bring enough gun. Doubt very much I would ever consider using a 223 Remington for moose, but it is legal in Ontario and I'm sure at least one person reading this will chime in that they (or one of their hunting buddies) shot a moose/deer/elk/bear with a 223 and the animal dropped on the spot.
 
In the end, choose something you like lear to use it properly, practice with it and go kill games with it! I like euro calibers in single shot rifles and bolt rifles 7x65r and 9.3x74r is my next rifle with these two barrels, it will kill everything I’m after up to the range i’m confortable at, inside 250m !!
 
When all is said and done, more is said than done :) It's been interesting to get various hunter's take on the age-old question. In the end, I feel that we need to know our game, our shot placement, and our bullet construction to feel comfortable with the shot. I'm hoping that this year will be my first moose hunt in Northern Ontario. I'm planning on taking my 7mm Weatherby Magnum with handloaded 175gr Hornady Spire Point bullets and IMR 7828. My back-up gun will be my sporterized P14 (in 303 British, obviously) with handloaded 150gr Hornady bullets and Varget. Talked to one guy who insists that 150gr 303 British is "no good" for moose, and I need 174gr or 180 gr projectiles. Then I read online about people in Alaska and in the NWT using a 243 Winchester with 100gr bullets.

Use what you are comfortable with - what makes sense and always bring enough gun. Doubt very much I would ever consider using a 223 Remington for moose, but it is legal in Ontario and I'm sure at least one person reading this will chime in that they (or one of their hunting buddies) shot a moose/deer/elk/bear with a 223 and the animal dropped on the spot.

Bring enough formula for game intended ;). So the .243 win with 100 gr partitions is particularly deadly, seemingly overachieving because of the formula. .242 SD, 3000 fps launch, and a bullet designed to both mushroom front half and keep together on back half for combination damage/penetration. Now look at your 2500 fps 303 with 150 gr bullets at .226 sd and soft construction...you can see why the .243 is a more appealing choice for something larger. You're going to go deeper with the .243 while doing enough in the engine room to kill them. The 303 option you mentioned would be far more suited to turning the lights out in deer size game and would still likely be a decent 150-200 yard smaller moose option broadside in the ribs. Lot's of old timers have killed everything with the .243 100 gr partition combo to 300 yards...great formula, hold point blank, notch another tag, and that formula has nothing to do with headstamp or diameter or ft/lbs.

Your first moose choice will be stellar, your back up would be great too with either a tougher 150 that will hold together, or a heavier bullet of any construction, I'd lean to heavier bullet with lighter construction for the slower speeds to get that goodness of internal work expansion provides while retaining plenty of sd to get as deep as needed on the bigger guys.
 
Lot of subjective lately from both sides of the debate :)

You’ll find an extreme minority of folks observing a 6.5 gren, a great little round admittedly, more of a hammer on game than a .270 or .270 WSM. Those two rounds are in every guide I’ve known’s Top Five for effect on game, including the old ones who’ve seen hundreds of head of game taken. Often, they’re surprisingly high in the Top Five too, just ask Why Not? what he’s seen over the decades with .270s.

I also find the point of making use of every grain of powder (energy) while brushing aside measures of kinetic energy curious. Guns are kinetic energy weapons, when you get down to the facts. :)
 
IMO the 22-250 is a better deer cartridge than the 243 due to the ~700 fps velocity increase of typical factory loads.
 
You’ll find folks throughout these forums like to take it to extremes and assume superlatives. ;)

Say aloud you liked to see clients shoot rounds and loads that can make 3000fps and you get branded a Weatherby quack.Say you like the .270 and it‘s amongst the most effective rounds you’ve seen, and you get told a 6.5 Grendel produces more bang flops and it’s due to a magic recipe of speed and sd, both of which fluctuate dramatically over range and within the animal. Lest we forget a .277 130gr and a .264 123gr are indiscernible in physics.

Few things stand out, a handful of cartridges by natural selection are considered all time great, all rounders for our continent. The .30-06, .270, 7 Mag, and .300s all shoot between 2800-3200fps on average. I don’t think that’s coincidence that generally they’re fast, or that they’re great, or that it means 35grs at 4000fps is even better. I like rounds that emulate the .270 and 7 Mag, when recoil in light packable rifles and effect on game is considered, and that’s a pretty vanilla view I really can’t claim to be revolutionary.

But say the sky’s blue, and you’ll get told it’s actually grey the majority of the time. How else are we to occupy our time here. :d
 
Why the "factory ammo" qualifier? What happens when you load comparable bullet weights? IIRC 65 grain bullets in the 243 can reach around 3,700 fps.


Because I think Factory 243 is crappy and it begs to be handloaded. Results with factory 243 have been disappointing.

The 22-250 is rated at 4000+ fps with a 45 gr TSX, 38-3900 fps with the 50 gr ECX and 3600 fps with the 60 gr Partition.

The 243 can reach 3300 with the 80/85 gr TTSX, CX and Partition.

I'll take the extra velocity over 20-30 grains of bullet weight.
 
Because I think Factory 243 is crappy and it begs to be handloaded. Results with factory 243 have been disappointing.

The 22-250 is rated at 4000+ fps with a 45 gr TSX, 38-3900 fps with the 50 gr ECX and 3600 fps with the 60 gr Partition.

The 243 can reach 3300 with the 80/85 gr TTSX, CX and Partition.

I'll take the extra velocity over 20-30 grains of bullet weight.

So, if I'm reading this right, you're comparing the speed of a 45 grain bullet in 22-250, to an 80 grain in the 243 rather than at least somewhat similar weight bullets. Got it...
 
So, if I'm reading this right, you're comparing the speed of a 45 grain bullet in 22-250, to an 80 grain in the 243 rather than at least somewhat similar weight bullets. Got it...

The only factory 243 loads I've seen are 80 or 100 grain, I know others exist but I've never seen them.

I'm also not aware of any "premium" bullets for the 243 lighter than 80 grains.
 
I am getting shorter overall recoveries with a 6.5 Grendel with 123 gr eld-m's than I was getting with .270's and .270 wsm's running 140 accubonds on the same game and ranges I've always hunted.

A 6.5 Grendel with the best 123gr available at 100 yards, is equal to a .270 with a 130gr at 315 yards.

Do you figure the .270’s gaining effectiveness as it proceeds down range shedding its excess kinetic energy? There’s more than a few here who can dispute that on on a significant depth experience. ;)
 
Lot of subjective lately from both sides of the debate :)

You’ll find an extreme minority of folks observing a 6.5 gren, a great little round admittedly, more of a hammer on game than a .270 or .270 WSM. Those two rounds are in every guide I’ve known’s Top Five for effect on game, including the old ones who’ve seen hundreds of head of game taken. Often, they’re surprisingly high in the Top Five too, just ask Why Not? what he’s seen over the decades with .270s.

I also find the point of making use of every grain of powder (energy) while brushing aside measures of kinetic energy curious. Guns are kinetic energy weapons, when you get down to the facts. :)

You'll never hear anything but praise from me for the .270 win, that was my favourite, what I used the most, and the best of the 20th century cartridges imo. I recommend it all the time. I killed really well with it, and I attribute the somewhat longer runners on ribcage hits simply to having a little too much bullet for broadside sheep and deer. I'd likely have been happier with the 130 ballistic tips for most of it and maybe 150's all around or for the moose/elk I shot. I have no complaints. Loved it enough to have a nice straight stock blaser k95 for the final few years before the Grendel phase, what an amazing little rifle. As my needs changed and more realistic expectations etc. it's a whole lot of extra to do what I do inside 400 yards now. And I've gone 5 seasons with zero doubts and 15 animals. More or less I'm the 21st century version of the old timers who went to the .243 100 gr partitions formula last century. ;)
 
IMO the 22-250 is a better deer cartridge than the 243 due to the ~700 fps velocity increase of typical factory loads.

If you don't factor the right bullets for this equation then you'll run into trouble.

You could get 55 gr ballistic tip or v-max 3900+ fps factory loads for .243 at one time. Know of a shoulder only hit and loss on whitetail buck for an example of this, helped track, snow, and terrain that ensured we'd find if killed, deer survived it. In other words .133 SD was not high enough for the construction type for that velocity range to get through that particular animal bracket far enough...they all have to be correct for game intended, if that were a barnes the deer would be dead for example, or if you slowed it down so the bullet could hold together to get deeper then you'd have a dead deer. So you have to know what you're doing if you're going to play on the fringe edges of this. We generally all stay within some rules of thumb even if not verbalized or known. We recognize most reliable bullets for deer size game land around .2 SD or higher, we recognize the same for elk size game .25 or higher, and in this thread we know the Africa dangerous stuff is much happier around .3 or higher. So you start here for the most part. You can add in that .204 ruger 35 gr Berger example to understand the other end of spectrum also...which is coincidentally .12 sd light construction at 3900 fps...which is fantastic for smaller thinner skinned critters, they go in only so far and blow up, so that formula is great for the coyotes, it showed why it's awful for deer unless hit in brain or perfectly back of front shoulder.

I don't see head stamps or calibers when I look at ballistics both in-flight or terminal. I prefer the most objective information I can get. You tell me a cartridge/bullet combo I haven't already studied and I go look it up objectively to understand it's capabilities as compared to everything else already learned. I'll even look up recoil energy to understand how likely it is I'd shoot that ~moa for 3 shots consistently in field conditions. ;)
 
I've seen several instances of Factory 243 doing a poor job on deer. That said, if a nice BSA Featherweight or PH Safari came my way, I'd load it up with 85 grain Partitions and go hunting. The 243 is the only interesting 308 based cartridge.

While I can't prove it, this likely came from a 243, the buck seemed none the worse for it.20230321_104601.jpg20230321_104545.jpg
 

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A 6.5 Grendel with the best 123gr available at 100 yards, is equal to a .270 with a 130gr at 315 yards.

Do you figure the .270’s gaining effectiveness as it proceeds down range shedding its excess kinetic energy? There’s more than a few here who can dispute that on on a significant depth experience. ;)

Combined with my last comments around the .270, one of my all time fav's. I know my 123gr 6.5 combo well enough, even from 16.1" barrel, at my elevation, the construction, sd etc. that I am familiar with expected penetration depths and expansions over essentially the entire range of my impact velocities. I have hit huge body deer, small bull moose in the 125-192 yard ranges with impact velocities as high as 2400 fps, I know there's adequate penetration, expansion is wild but with .252 start sd it still goes deep enough for that velocity range, at the other end I've seen this bullet recovered from a 1700 fps impact under offside hide and it looks like a perfect accubond mushroom retaining ~95% of weight, and my own experience of a 420 yard quartering whitetail drt that exited after 15" of penetration expected and 1800 fps impact knowing that bullet was easily 90% retention with beautiful 2x expansion mushroom. We have a 10 yard facing black bear pooping (arched) black bear (mature sow) that went ~16" under chin and most of bullet exited, some hung up spine drt with about a high 2300 fps impact. I'm intimate with the combo, and use it accordingly, would I try to shoot elk up that whazzoo running away with this combo? No. I know I can take out a femur, and without heavy bone I'll go 18-24" so for deer and lots of bears the angle isn't too fussy, I took a solid boar black bear at 55 yards quartering away and offside shoulder broke (flopping leg) with much trapped just under hide, core exit etc. Point is my combo is chosen carefully to still perform up close and at my max distances I will shoot big game at, from muzzle to 400 my combo is in that range, the close impacts less penetration more internal damage yet adequate for game intended, and the far impacts deeper penetration with less internal damage as bullet holds together better but still expands and dumps adequate for game intended.

I didn't come to understand this capability by starting with a cartridge just because I liked it. I came to understand this capability by starting with the bullet I wanted for the game intended, post a lot of years of paying attention with the usual suspects (most with 270 win/wsm but a lot of the other usuals as well) then applied my realistic ranges, then figured out what cartridge would drive (or in this case not overdrive) said bullet and voila, 5 years later and 15 animals, and meeting expectations without surprises, if anything...only pleasant surprises. Do not put this bullet in a 6.5 PRC and expect a great moose gun for example lol. I'll take the Grendel driving all day. It's why the 6.5 Creedmoor is ideal matched with the 140/7 eld-m's, it has a little higher sd to meet its a little higher velocity range and due to high bc it maintains it's range of kick ass performance to 600 yards easily...vs the 400 of the Grendel. The .270 win has numbers and greater range that make it a 600 yard contender as well, and that was important to me for a long time, it no longer is, overkill for what I do now. ;)

I essentially took the performance from the tail end 400 yards of 0-600 yards .270 win performance window (200-600) and removed the 200 yards at the front end. That's what my 6.5 Grendel 123gr eld-m combo is. Try to tell me that from 200-600 the .270 win isn't a stud with a bullet that will open up in those impact velocity ranges. You'd have to argue with my freezer and wall on that one. Good luck with that. Well that's what I shoot, but from 0-400.

It's by understanding the numbers and formula that matters that allows one to fine tune things to exactly what they want, as I did, ft/lbs had nothing to do with this. Happy as a pig in poop. The Taylor k/o factor is a joke, I'm sure it was a somewhat useable guide at some point in history but it's useless now, and was mostly so then. Just to stay on topic here, these are examples of how to apply the formula properly to your needs, nothing else. ;)
 
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