biggest caliber with the lightest recoil

Did I misunderstand the OP's question???

I took it that he wants to shoot a big bore, but one with manageable recoil... talk of .243, .308 and .300 BLK doesn't make sense.
 
My 50-90 with 500 gr cast should fit the bill. Plesent to shoot. Recoil is very personal, I love the 375s I’ve owned but did not like a Tikka t3 in 338! A load in a bigger bore pushing a 400-500 gr bullet at 2400 FPS will be ok, push the same bullet to 2600+ and you will notice a different. I try to load to meet my target, hunting conditions, bullet construction and personal limits.
 
.450 Bushmaster Ruger No.1 might your meet requirements. Even has a muzzle brake. What a cool rifle! :cool:

https://www.ruger.com/products/no1/specSheets/21304.html

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Also available in the Ruger Scout model -

https://www.ruger.com/products/scoutRifle/specSheets/6837.html

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If you're asking this question with an application of British Columbia in mind, I'd suggest a 9.3 x62 would fit the bill quite nicely. It has enough frontal diameter and bullet weights available to be effective on anything this province has to offer and enough range for most reasonable distances, all without excessive recoil.
 
Any time the 9.3x62 is mentioned, the 35 Whelen should be as well.

Just a bit of a troll post for my western friends. :)

As a Western friend who grew up in NB I totally agree with you. I can’t sell my .35 Whelen eventhough I haven’t hunted with it since I got my .375 Ruger. My Whelen will return as my primary moose rifle once I get too old for the .375’s recoil. :)
 
.450 Bushmaster Ruger No.1 might your meet requirements. Even has a muzzle brake. What a cool rifle!

39148028010_a4995f2ca5_b.jpg

I just picked up the original "bushmaster"... a No.1-H .405 Win... 350's @ 2200 instead of 250's at 2200. I have a batch of HC 370 gr .4115" that I'm going to try to load to 1900ish.
 
Another attribute of the venerable .405 Winchester is that 41 caliber pistol projectiles could be loaded for inexpensive plinking. :)

These limited runs of No.1 rifles in certain chamberings sure are tempting. Like the .450 Bushmaster. It's a definite maybe for me. I think I need a stainless/laminate to round out the collection. ;)
 
Felt recoil has as much to do with stock design, rifle weight, bullet weight, velocity, and the shooter himself as it does with the cartridge chosen.

This.

Newton’s third law, right? For every action, there’s an EQUAL and OPPOSITE reaction.

If you impart a northbound bullet with 3000 foot pounds of energy, then you will impart the southbound rifle with 3000 foot pounds of energy. It’s the “law”.

But “energy” isn’t the same as “felt recoil”. Energy doesn’t hurt - speed hurts. Consider that a Dump Truck at 15mph and a sport bike at 150mph both have the same amount of kinetic energy... but which one would you rather reach out and high-five as it went by? The truck would tickle, the bike would relocate your arm to a new postal code.

Double the weight of the rifle, and you cut the SPEED at which it recoils in half (even though the energy reamins the same). Less “ouch” but more of a b1tch to lug around. I guess it all depends on what you want to do with the rifle...
 
Another attribute of the venerable .405 Winchester is that 41 caliber pistol projectiles could be loaded for inexpensive plinking. :)

These limited runs of No.1 rifles in certain chamberings sure are tempting. Like the .450 Bushmaster. It's a definite maybe for me. I think I need a stainless/laminate to round out the collection. ;)

I have 500 265 grain .41 cal bullets for plinking.

The stainless laminate No.1's do nothing for me... especially with a brake.
 
Kinetic energy or momentum is conserved? When the rifle is fired, how fast it impacts your shoulder can be calculated because before and after momentum is conserved.

Total momentum before = total momentum after

Momentum = mass x velocity

(Rifle momentum + bullet momentum) BEFORE = (rifle momentum + bullet momentum) AFTER

(6kg x 0) + (50g x 0) = (6kg x v) + (50g x 1100 m/s)

0 = (6000g x v) + (50g x 1100 m/s)

- 50 x 1100 = 6000v

v = - 50 x 1100 / 6000 = - 9.17 m/s, rifle speed when it recoils (negative because opposite in direction to the bullet)


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