I wonder how many thousands of moose have been taken with .30-30's? Occasionally you'll see a moose out in the distance along a lake shore or river, or perhaps across a stretch of tundra, but mostly hunting moose is a close range gig, although the experience might be different for mountain hunters.
While one must respect any wild animal, particularly one that weighs half a ton, moose aren't particularly dangerous and although death by moose is not completely unheard of, it certainly is rare. If you walk up on any game animal you have shot, be it a pronghorn, whitetail, moose or cape buffalo, without due caution, sooner or later you will get pounded.
I think the smallest bore suitable for these guys is probably a .270, although a .270 is by no means marginal, and lots of folks both here and in Europe have had good luck with 6.5's. I rate the .30-06 as the best choice, but that's because I've got more experience with it. I know what it can do, what I can do with it, and perhaps more importantly what I can't. The .270 hasn't been particularly lucky for me, despite a valiant effort on my part to embrace it. The only 6.5's I've owned were Swedish small ring Mausers. They would shoot, but when it came time to hunt I would always grab my '06. The only time I might be tempted to suggest more gun is if your moose hunting is in grizzly or polar bear habitat. Even then, a .30/06 with bullets weighing upwards of 180 grs is completely satisfactory.
So what would my dedicated moose rifle look like? I think it would be a bolt action CRF.30/06 with a 22 inch barrel. It would have a variable low powered scope in QD rings with a ghost ring and post iron sights for back up, or for use in very heavy cover. The stock would be synthetic, the barrel and action would be chrome-moly finished in one of the new bake on wonder coatings. I've had such good use from my Safari Ching Sling, I would stay with that as I prefer to shoot with the sling from supported positions. My go to bullet would be a Woodleigh 240 gr loaded to 2300. As it turns out, heading my way is an old beat up M-54 Winchester in .270 that is in desperate need of a make over and that is probably the rifle it will become.