Sometimes back country guns don't get the care they need to function reliably. These guys had been out on that expedition for a month or so, and the rifle would have been exposed to the weather the entire time. When some folks get back to the tent cold and tired, the last thing they want to do is worry about the mundane necessity of stripping bolts, wiping things dry and giving them a rub with an oily rag. Without casting dispersion of the individual who faced perhaps the most stressful moment of his life, human error is the most likely culprit, either due to the lack of TLC for the rifle, perhaps the bolt was frozen with rust, perhaps the follower was rusted in place at the bottom of the magazine box, perhaps corroded ammo wouldn't fire, to say nothing of the possibility that his brain shut down. Having said that I've seen some old Mauser rifles that were in just dreadful condition but would still fire, so perhaps the effects of stress caused him to run the rifle dry without firing it.