The .577 Snider is actually not really that much bigger than a .45-70, in terms of usable powder capacity. Regardless, I am a very experienced handloader, and have been reloading for rifle, pistol, shotgun, BP cartridges, my own wildcats, etc., for nearly two decades. A double charge of powder is almost impossible for me to do, considering the way I load. I use no loading blocks, and when I weigh (always weigh each charge, I do) my powder, I immediately put it in the case, add any filler if need be, and then immediately seat a bullet and crimp. This may be a slower way, but I have found that it cuts down on the possibilty of double-charging or not charging a case, and have never had either. This being said, I would point to studies that have been done on smokeless powders being used in BP cases in antiques (such as , "Finding Out For Myself," by Sherman Bell), as well as the fact that factory loads for black powder cartridges are mainstream (.45-70 loads being safe for Trapdoors, for instance), and have been used safely for many decades. .43 Mauser, .41 Swiss, and others were loaded commercially for a long time with smokeless powders, what I'm doing is no different. There are many powders available these days that will give lower peak pressures and similar pressure curves to BP at the same velocities as BP, such as 2400, 4759, RL 7, 4198, 5744, etc. (NOT Trail Boss!). If I can gain velocity at the same pressure, or more usually, get lower pressures at the same velocities as BP without the mess, and have a pound of powder last longer, why wouldn't I? I'm not advocating for others to do it, but I will. Many years ago, I shot Damascus barreled double shotguns, though so many cried death and destruction about it. Years later, studies have shown they are not unsafe as was thought. I guess each person will make his own decisions. As for me, I'll save the Holy Black for my flinter, and the occasional cartridge fun.