30-30 will do fine. Range is 100 yards or a bit more. That's all they used to use. It was cutting edge stuff. Nowadays the bullets have only gotten better. After that 7-08, 308 30-06 will do too.
I never shot a moose mind you, but have read thousands of these threads.
Just learn how to shoot and where/when to shoot and don't get a hard kicking gun that gets you flinching. You don't need a big magnum to do the job, that's for sure.
For my whitetail deer and bear kills out to 250 yards, the 7-08 has been flawless . And I've never flinched a shot with it. Generally one shot in the lungs and wait a few seconds for it to fall over. Oh, and get some practice on small game like gophers. If you can one shot kill a gopher at 75 yards, killing a moose at any sane distance is a much easier shot.
I suggest you find a detachable box mag rifle that fits you and has a nice recoil pad, and weighs 8 lb max scoped.
Go to you local gun store and try them for fit.everyone has their favorite. I like the old browning abolt, preferably the micro. And the remington 7600 carbine. But there are lots of other choices just as good.
I would say that the 30-30 is somewhat underpowered for moose, and certainly far from ideal. That being said, 338 Win Mag has very stout recoil, to say the least. A 30-06 or 7mm Rem Mag. with a proper bullet, such as a Nosler Partition, will do the job on moose.





























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