Agree with the Nutterz above, that while a 30-06 will do just fine, a 7-08 or 308 would probably be a slightly better fit. And if deer are the biggest you’ll get after, I’d add 243 to the conversation as well.
Of the four, ready availability of factory ammo from highest to lowest will go: 308, 30-06, 243, 7-08. That said, they’re all readily available, but in a pinch, you can likely find the first three at a Walmart at 9:59pm the night before hunting season. Just one of the many considerations.
As for which rifle, some good suggestions above. Keep in mind that the lighter the rifle, the more recoil you’ll feel. So pair that with your cartridge choice: a light recoiling cartridge like 243 is nice in a light weight stock as it’s lighter to lug around with you all day. But a 30-06 in a light stock is going to be punishing on a new shooter. Pain leads to flinches, and flinches lead to misses (or worse, wounded, unrecoverable animals).