With rimfire, accuracy is greatly limited by the ammo.
And there is usually a 'prize' in every box.
But hopefully, demand will create new products... and better solutions.
WRT to accuracy at LR, I take the position that rimfire is like shooting centerfire at much further distances. It has been suggested that 100, 200 and 300 yds with a 22lr is equivalent to a 308 at 300, 600 and 1000yds respectively.
A 308 shooting 'factory match ammo' would do very well at 1/2 MOA 300, 3/4 MOA at 600 and MOA at 1000. If you agree with that analogy, the performance we are getting with 22lr is pretty darn close to the same.
the goal is to figure out how to do better... Today, sub 1" at 100yds... 2" to 3" at 200 is no problem..
for many platforms, holding 10" at 300yds in calm air is very challenging. Getting 12" consistent hits at distance beyond? So far, it has been more luck then design... NOTE, I am not talking about the hero group but on demand taking wind into account.... take the shot and hit the target every time.... no mulligans, count every shot.
But these are very early days in this new game.....
The .22LR and .308 Win. analogy has been made many times. A chart such as the one from 2008 below illustrates the comparison.
The challenge of shooting .22LR well at distances of 100 yards and more may be a little more challenging than described. Shooting sub-MOA consistently at 100 yards is not the same as shooting sub-MOA at 50 yards. That is to say, if a shooter/rifle can't do significantly better than sub-.5" at 50 yards, there is little reason to believe that the shooter and rifle can shoot sub-MOA at 100 yards. Why? While the geometry says that a sub-MOA group at 50 is sub-MOA at 100, actual shooting results with .22LR do not agree with the basic rules of geometry for a few reasons.
First, unless there is flawless execution of each shot at any range, any errors, whether shooter-induced, rifle-induced, ammo induced, or any combination of them will add to the geometric doubling of group size. Even if the shooter executes his shot perfectly each time and the rifle has no flaws that contribute to inconsistency of results, ammo variation alone leaves a larger footprint in group size at 100 yards (and more so further out) than it does at closer ranges. Put another way, an MV difference of 10 fps between rounds causes increasingly more drop for the slower round than the faster one -- that is, the drop rate more than doubles as distance doubles.
To illustrate, a 10 fps difference in MV causes the slower round to drop 0.0677" more at 50 yards; at 100 it will drop 0.2627" more; at 200 it will drop 1.0135" more; and at 300 yards it will drop 2.2497" inches more. Below are the numbers generated by a ballistics calculator that produce those figures.
With a 20 fps difference in MV between rounds results in the slower round to drop 0.1384" more than the faster one; at 100 yards it will drop .5378" more; at 200 it will drop 2.0796" more; and at 300 yards it will drop 4.6248" more.
With very good ammo, that is ammo with an ES of no more than 20 fps, and if everything else is perfect, then its possible to shoot groups as small as 2" at 200 yards. Of course, that requires perfect shot execution, a complete absence of wind or air movement while shooting, and no significant atmospheric conditions that will have greater effect as distance increases, such as higher air density.
On top of that, a perfect bore is necessary, one that is capable of repeatable pinpoint accuracy. If a bore has minute imperfections that contribute to anything other than perfect accuracy, the math and theoretical ballistic results produced by a ballistic calculator are no longer reliable.
The long and the short of it is that to shoot very well at distances like 200 yards, it is necessary to have very good ammo, a very good rifle, and very good shooting skills. Shortcomings in any one of these, or worse in a combination of these, renders it very, very difficult to shoot small groups as distance increases.
To be sure, there are instances when some very small groups are indeed recorded at 200 yards. But they don't happen very often because we'd see them. They certainly are unlikely to be done on demand, even when conditions are ideal. Just as it's possible to shoot what is literally a one-hole group that measures in the hundredths at 50 yards, it's possible to record similarly extraordinary groups with the right ammo at four times the distance.
As a result on occasion a few shooters happen to enjoy a fortuitous set of circumstances coming together producing a very small group at 200 yards. The rest of the time, these very skilful shooters, with their very good ammo, and very good rifles shoot what should be recognized as very good results with 2-3" groups at 200 yards. These are indeed possible. To describe shooting such groups as "no problem" is misleading. Not many shooters can do that.
It's not clear what changes or new products any new demand can cause to emerge that will result in better solutions to long distance shooting. Better rifles than currently available? Perhaps, but it seems unlikely there's some magic that hasn't already been considered by rifle and barrel makers. Better ammo than is currently available? That's been the challenge that .22LR ammo makers have been pursuing for decades without significant breakthroughs thus far. Something else perhaps? It's reassuring to imagine something coming along to improve long distance .22LR shooting results, but hopes should be tempered by what's currently available. With that in mind, shooters should continue to seek out the best ammo available, find the best rifle/barrel they can afford, and practice as often as possible.