Most guys, I notice, are posting the ONE with which they have a bit of experience, or simply repeating whatever propaganda has been fed to them. I thought this was about firearms DESIGN, not about which one you can AFFORD.
A few points:
1. somebody should listen to the dsigners some time. Garand wanted to build his rifle with a 10- or 15-round Lee magazine.
2. Garand built an M-1 into selective-fire with 20-round mag, in 1944. Gummint didn't want it until he retired, then it became the T-44 with a slightly-shorter receiver, then it was the M-14.
3. 1957 to 1962 is FIVE years, not 30. US Army went over to M-16 in a big way, dumped/surplused/gave away/scrapped their M-14s. Many went to Israel, Taiwan. M-14s in service today are new production, rebuilds, buy-backs, anything they can scrape up.
4. only relation between Springfield Armory that makes the M-1A and the one that made the M-14 is the NAME. Originals were made in the Government arsenal, moderns are made by a private company.
5. Kar-43 needed a gas adjustment.
6. SVT needed an EASIER gas adjustment.
7. Garand was a good rifle but MUCH too heavy.
8. Soviet Onion got a LOT of help from Britain, Canada and the Evil Americans. If not for that, they would have been out of the war in'42. Shermans, Harleys, Jeeps, Studebaker trucks, Rosses, complete steel mills, Stalin's Dunhill pipe, hundreds of tons of antique furniture, half of the world's supply of Thorium, 2/3 of the world's supply of Airacobras, a fleet of merchant ships. NONE of it was ever paid for. Read "Colonel Jack's Diary" some time.
9. ...... oh, about 40 other points. Fingers are tired.
10. Let us all now sing:
"Mine eyes have seen the glory
of the Coming of the Lord;
He is trampling out the vintage
where the Grapes of Wrath are stored......."