I suspect that over a chronograph, this factory load is doing no where near the published velocity of 2850 fps. Of course Federal wouldn't be the first or alone in being overly optimistic with factory published velocities.
I can say with reasonable certainty if I loaded this bullet in my 340 at 3200 fps, that elk would never have needed the second shot. I suspect the first shot would likely have caused almost total bullet failure but would have penetrated the shoulder and turned the shoulder blade/knuckle into a thousand secondary projectiles and completely and utterly destroyed the entire heart lung cavity. This is conjecture of course based on what I saw of the expanded bullets and my experience with the 340.
This scenario just deepens my disdain for the 338 WM and has quite likely set me on the course of cutting my Sako Safari out to something like a 340, or even a 338-300 WM..........now that may have some possibilities..........and no action mods necessary. Then again properly handloaded with a 225 gn Part or AB to an honest 28-2900 fps it may well be a decent 0-400 mtr cartridge.
The fact that many people here have used these bullets with moderate success in many other calibers tells me the problem lies with the cartridge or load and not with the bullet........which is what I have been saying all along.
You know what scares the hell out of me is that the average non reloading hunter knows very little about bullet construction and terminal ballistics. He believes bigger is better for bigger game and he will be told by a hundred counter salesmen that the 338 with 225 grain bullets is the absolute "end all be all" for grizzlies, even coastals. WE of course know bullet construction is critical to good terminal performance, but how many sales people and non reloading hunters do? To the average Joe hunter the 338 WM is a fire breathing death machine, big bore that should kill everything up to elephants. This truly is the mind set of your average 270 using WT hunter.
The gentleman in this scenario is exactly this mind set, he doesn't know any better. When I asked him why he didn't use his 300 WM he said "Because the 338 is bigger and should kill elk better, right?" He also said that the ammo was on sale and he got a smoking deal on it and was assured by his buddy, the store owner that this was a perfect load for elk, or anything else that walked......is how he put it IIRC. Given the performance I witnessed from this load on this elk I find this advice very disturbing. However it is the opinion held by a great number of uninformed sales people and hunters out there..........VERY SCARY !!!!
I think when one steps up to a true "medium bore" which the 338 is supposed to be, they should be entitled to expect true "medium bore" performance especially when using the upper weights for the cartridge in question. It's not like he used a 180 or 185 or 200 gn bullet and expected 375 level performance. He used what should have been an appropriate weight for caliber bullet with which to hunt heavy and dangerous NA game. What I saw was anything but "medium bore" performance and wasn't even adequate 7mm or 30 cal performance IMO.
I have done my best to educate this gentleman a little bit on what he should expect as to good terminal performance. But somehow I don't think he absorbed it and was totally delighted by his kill. He thought the cartridge/bullet did a great job. Hell it smashed the sh!t out of that shoulder and the second one went right through both lungs and stopped on the hide on the far side..........perfect right? He couldn't be more wrong but because he got the elk in question he believes that all is well in Disneyland. I pointed out to him that if he hadn't been able to put that 2nd shot in him that he would have almost assuredly lost that animal. He didn't necessarily believe that either as he said the animal was totally shocked and unable to run.....

. I explained to him that the only reason the bull didn't run was because he was in full rut.........the first shot didn't even take him off his feet and he was still fully capable of running quite well on three legs and the only reason he was able to finish him was because of the rut and the proximity of his cows. Still not sure he believed me.
So now I am going to have to load him some ammo with appropriate bullets and at a reasonable velocity....."soup them up a bit" as he likes to say, before he stumbles onto a grizzly and his lesson on terminal performance is potentially terminal......